Stomach cancer is common worldwide and affects all races in all, it is more common in men than women, and age has its peak between 40 and 60. The mortality rate is highest in Japan and Chile, presumably because of different diets in countries where they are less dependent on red meat.
Over the past 25 years, the incidence of this cancer in the western world has decreased by 50% and the mortality rate resulting is less than a third of what itbe used, but in less developed countries is still a major cause of death, probably because these countries by the time the disease is diagnosed (usually by means of a barium) in stomach cancer is very advanced.
Types of stomach cancer
There are several types of stomach cancer, some of them very rare. The most common early in the glandular cells of the stomach lining (adenocarcinomas), this is when stomach acidand digestive enzymes are made and where most cancers begin. If the tumor is more advanced and more bone can travel through the bloodstream and spread to organs such as liver, lung, ed. Cancri, the tissues start to the lymphatic system (lymphoma), stomach muscle tissue (sarcoma) or in tissues that support the organs of the digestive system (GIST) are less common and treated in different ways.
AND SYMPTOMS
SoonInformation on stomach cancer are chronic dyspepsia and upper abdominal pain, fatigue, followed in the later stages of weight loss, loss of appetite, bloating after meals, and anemia. Blood in the stool may also be available and if the cancer is in the top cardia), vomiting (.
CAUSATION
The exact cause is unknown, although the presence of the Helicopter pylori bacterium seems to be an important factor. Predisposing factors include environmental influences such as smokingand consumption of alcohol. Because gastric cancer more frequent among those with a family history and the people with blood group A genetic factors are involved. Dietary factors, including methods of food preservation such as pickling, smoking or salting also have an influence on the prevalence.
DIAGNOSIS
Stomach cancer is diagnosed by a series of tests), GI, an upper gastrointestinal (, endoscopy or gastroscopy where a thin, flexibleTube is guided in his throat so the doctor in the stomach, esophagus and the upper bowel barium meal and barium swallows can be seen. As the cancer spread to the lungs, liver, pancreas and other organs near the stomach and the doctor may order a CT scan, a PET scan, endoscopic ultrasound or other tests to verify these areas.
Cancer) may spread (metastasize to the esophagus or small intestine, and may extend throughStomach wall to nearby lymph nodes and organs. Metastasis occurs in 80-90% of patients with gastric cancer, diagnosed with a five-year survival rate of 75% in the early stages and less than 30% of those diagnosed at advanced stage.
TREATMENT
Although many cases of cancer surgery can be treated with surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy in the treatment of choice. Even in patients whose disease is not as surgically curable, resection offers a palliativeEffect and improves the potential benefits of chemotherapy.
Nature and extent of the tumor determines the type of operation is displayed at the most. common tasks include the partial or total removal of the stomach.
Antiemetics can control nausea, increase the cancer's progress. In advanced stages, sedatives and tranquilizers may be necessary to control the fear. Drugs are often necessary to separate the control and constant pain.
Insome cases of advanced gastric cancer, a laser beam directed through an operating endoscope can vaporize most of the tumor burden and without obstruction.
PROGNOSIS
Stomach cancer is curable if diagnosed early, but many people do not seek medical help, the disease has progressed to the right, possibly because symptoms occur late in the first and are often vague and nonspecific. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables that antioxidant vitamins (like A and C) appear to contain lowerRisk of gastric cancer. The rate of cancer is about doubled in smokers, so the task of smoking is essential.
In the United States and most of the Western world, the survival rate at 5 years was 5-15%. In Japan, where stomach cancer is often diagnosed at an early stage, survival rate at 5 years was 50%. Five-year survival rates for advanced gastric cancer range from 20% for those with regional disease to almost zero for those with distantMetastases.
Treatment for metastatic cancer of the stomach may relieve symptoms and sometimes prolong survival, but long remissions are uncommon. The survival of inoperable stomach cancer is usually only a couple of months if left untreated. With chemotherapy the average survival time is 12 months. If cancer is found before it spread to five years the relative survival rate is about 61%.
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